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UNDERSTANDING STORMWATER RUNOFF

When rain falls on a natural landscape the water is absorbed by plants and soil where it is filtered and released slowly into nearby streams and rivers, replenishing ground water supplies. Roads, parking lots, roofs, etc. create vast expanses of impervious surfaces that collect pollutants, including oil, grease, lead and other toxins. Stormwater runoff is created when rain and/or melting snow wash these pollutants, unimpeded, into nearby streams, ditches, rivers and ponds. Stormwater runoff can be a significant source of water pollution for urban and suburban areas. Additionally, excessive and poorly designed roads built through watersheds turn normal rainstorms into small flash floods that damage natural eco-systems, reduce ground water recharge and cost local communities scarce financial resources.

Stormwater runoff is a growing source of sewer overflows causing discharge of untreated sewage into lakes and streams, and is also the largest known source of beach closures and health advisories nationwide. Sewer overflows would be more effectively addressed with source mitigation of stormwater rather than "end of pipe". Stormwater remediation projects with the least impact on natural systems use non-structural techniques, such as pervious drainage swales, infiltration trenches and created wetlands to mitigate the impacts of stormwater. These approaches are generally more cost-effective and do more to protect and improve water quality, and often provide other benefits, such as water supply recharge, and protection of wildlife habitats.

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